Charge forming device



A ril 18, 1933.

N. STRAUSSLER'.

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed July 24, 1 930 INVENTOR Nz'cfi alas Sim usalq:

ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 18, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFF! NICHOLAS STRAUSSLER, LONDON, mtTGLAN D, ASSIGNOB 'I'O BENDIZ AVIATION COB- PORATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 01 DELAWARE CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Application filed July 24,

This invention relates to charge forming devices, and more articularly to an improved carburetor a apted for use with explosive en ines of the type used in aircraft or automo iles.

. Various means have heretofore been proposed for maintaining a constant fuel level in a carburetor. For the most part, such means are ineffective due to the inclination or irregular movement of a vehicle upon which the carburetor is installed. Additionally, charge forming devices of the type heretofore used are inefiicient, for the most part, during starting of the engine.

" One of'the objects of the resent inventionis to provide a novel car uretor which is so constructed as to overcome the abovementioned difliculties.

Another object of this invention is to provide a carburetor including a novel combined valve and pump means so constituted that the supply of the fuel to the engine is controlled by suction.

Another object is to provide a novel carburetor of the floatless type which will function 'efliciently when the carburetor is shaken or suddenly brought to different positions 7 by irregular movement of a vehicle upon o recelvmg an annular disc having a correwhich it is mounted.

Another object is to provide a carburetor having a carburizing chamber provided with novel means for varying the cross-sectional area of said chamber throughout a portion of the length of the latter.

. A further object is to provide, in a car- 'buretor having a Ventun-shaped carburizing chamber, novel flexible means for varymg the cross-sectional area of the chamber,

said means being particularly ada tedto;

insure a proper mixture of fuel an air.

The above and other ob ects will appear more fully hereafter in the detailed description of the invention, one embodiment of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein like reference characters refer to likeparts throughout the several views. It is to be expressly understood that the drawing is for thepurposes of, illustration onl and is not designed as a definition I) of the limits of the invention, reference be- 1930. Serial No. 470,452.

the appended intake of an engine manifold havinga verti-v cal portion 11 and a horizontal ortion 11", which is provided with a cylindi'ical opening 12 extending therethrough at right angles'to the longitudinal axis thereof. The cghnder or chamber 12 is provided with a t readed closure 13 at its up or end as viewed in Fig. 2. The latter is ormed with a central reduced portion 14 having an opening 15 therethrough for receiving a valve 16, the latter extending inwardly from the portion 14and being provided with intersecting lateral and longitudinal assageways. The valvev 16 is screw-thre ed into the opening 15 and is accessible for adjustment by removal of'plug 17. The inner wall of the opening 12 1s rovided with an annular flange 18 terminating in a bevelface- 19 for with bevel faces 28 for engagement with the faces and orifices 26. Op 'osing coil springs 29 are disposed about t e opposite ends of the tube 22 and are adapted to engage the adjacent' iston 27 p to yieldingly hold the faces 28 o the pistons in contact with the faces .25 whereb orifices 26 are closed. The lower end of c amber 12 is provided with an annular disc 31 having an the bevek faces I I 22, the purpose annular recess 32 for receiving the lower end of the lowermost spring 29 as viewed in Fig. 2. A coil spring 33 is positioned about the lower end of the tube 22 and coacts with the threaded closure 34 for the lower end of chamber-12 whereby said tube is maintained inproper position. The springs 29 are of such strength that the pistons are movable, under engine suction, against the tension of the springs. The pistons 27 divide cylinder or chamber 12 into two cylini an opening 41, formed in a-boss 42 of the body portion 10, that leads to'a fuelfichaniber 43 formed between the threaded closure 13 and disc 20. A suitable strainer 44 is disposed in'the chamber 43. It will benoted that easy access is to be had to the strainer '44 for cleaning the same by removing closure The fuel enters the carburetor by way of the opening 41 through the strainer 44, the passageways in valve 16, and tube 22, but'is prevented from further passage due to the engagement of pistons 27 with collar 24 until such time as operation of the'engine is .and the intake manifold 11,-.11". v

' e manifold rod (not shown) and is provided with a spring 58 interposed between a PIOjGCtlOIl- 59' on the "body 10 and a projection 61 on lever 56 for counteracting the spring tension of the flexible plate 53. Upon actur ation of the'ro'ckin'g lever 56the flexible wall 53 may be movedjto adjust .the cross-sectional area of the chamber to any; amount desired, and this without destroying the Venturi shapexthereof.v I

An air orifice 62 provided for connectmg 46 whereby an emulsion of fuel and air is delivered'to the carburizing chamber 47.

A throttle valve 64 is suitably positioned in chamber 47 between the fuel orifice 46 For supplying fuel to the en during the idlingof such engine, an' emulsion of air and gas is supplied through the effective to produce the required suction within the intake to cause istons 27*to move m'friplposite directions in c amber 12 whereby el is drawn into said chamber through the passageways in co'llar'24. A main fuel passageway 46 is provided for connecting the central portion of chamber'12 with the thorough mixing ofthe fuel and air is ob- "Venturi carburizing chamber 47 at thesmallestgcross -sectional area-of the" latter. Additional-passageways -51 and-52, spaced apart and on opposite sides of the passage 46, may

also be provided for supplying additional fuel to the carburizing chamber high speedsof the engine.

The-1 carburizing chamber '47. is provided with novel means for var ing-the-fcross sectional area' thereof, where y maximumair' speed-in the chamber is'secu'redin the plane passage 65 byway'of the idling valve 66 thefuel orifice 46 with the interior of A the chamber 47 at a point above the orifice and associated fuel orifices 67 and 6 8, the

latter leading from the central portion of chamber 12. If,desired, the outer wall 54 of the carburizing chamber 47 may be formed separately and fixed to the body 10 by means of bolts or screws 72 for rendering easy to the flexible plate 53. g 1

In operation, fuel is supplied to chamber 43 and the tube 22 by any suitable pressure means such as a pum'p,*or by gravity, and 7 upon starting the engine thesuction inthe cylinders is effective by way of the vacuum :orifices 38 and 39, to cause the. pistons 27 .to.

move the same awayffrom' the. openings in collar 24, whereupon suction in manifold 11,

11 is effective through orifice 46 todraw fuel into the carburizing chamber 47. The lever 56 is actuated "to reduce, the cross sectional area of passageway 47'to any desired amount] atwhich time the suction from the engine velocity of-the air .in chamber 47 is greatest in the. plane of. orifice 46 whereby the encylinders will draw thefuel from the orifice 46, against the adjacent flexible wall, and *by this impinging action of the fuel against the'flexible wall thefuel isthoroughlycom- I j mingled with the air as it isdrawn -into, the engine intake. It will be noted that the 'training and niixing of the fuel is greatly of thefuel discharge -'orifi ce'46 and 'a more tained. As shown, a flexible plate 53 is connected at 'its lower end to the chamber 'wall'54by'any suitable means such as screws 55 and at its upper'end to abell' crank'lever 56, the: latter being rotatably mounted on apin 57, which maybe mounted on a wall 'of-the' chamber. Lever 56 is adaptedto-be operated by any suitable means such as a fthu's provided a. flexible. and adjustable VQIllilll'L J facilitated.

Upon the 53 to j'any desiredl position in chamber 47 whereby the cross-sectional areaof the latter is varied, andfithis without; destroying the Venturi shape ofcsaid chamber.v .There is Asv the increases, the vacnum-- pull onthe pistons 27 increases,

whereby the latter .arefurther separated: to 'connectvthe central portion'fof the charm ber 12 with the carburizing chamber 47 by J stranger a. a h s lever 56 maybe actuated to move the flexible plateway of the diagonal passageways 51 and 52,

so that additional fuel may be supplied for;

fuel through the passages 46, 51, and 52,

whereby a rich mixture is obtained for priming the engine. It will also be readily apparent that upon stopping the engine the springs 26 will move the pistons to a closed position and thereby prevent any. leakage of the fuel through the orifices 26 and 46 and chamber 47. Furthermore, upon a sudden opening of-the throttle valve the suction connections for actuating pistons 27 may be'so disposed that the springs 29 are effective to move the pistons one toward the other, whereby an'extra charge of fuel is forced from the passage 46 and the accelera-- tion of the engine is expedited.

There is thus provided a carburetor embodying means for controlling thesupply of fuel irrespective of the position of the carburetor and despite irregular motions or jolts to which the carburetor may be subjected. Further, the novel yielding venturi operates in a superior manner to secure the desired mixtures for starting and normal operatlon. plying additional fuel at high engine speed increases engine flexibility. The yielding venturi operates to vary the cross-section of the chamber 47 adjacent the fuel inlet, whereby the fluid intake is brought into contact with the fuel inlet at its greatest velocity. Also, the impinging action of the fuel against the flexible plate serves to more thoroughly atomize the fuel, thereby improving the engine operation and increasing the power thereof. b

While the present invention has been illustrated and described in connection with a down-draft carburetor, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention may readily be applied to any type of Other changes, modifications, substitutions,

additions and omissions may be made in the structure without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is: I i

1. In a carburetor, a carburizing chamber, a fuel orifice entering said chamber, a flex:

.ible member for varying the cross-sectional area of said chamber and having one end thereof secured to the wall of said chamber, and manually operable means secured to The automatic means for supthe other end of the member for adjusting the position of said member.

2. In a carburetor, a Venturi chamber, a fuel orifice entering said chamber, a flexible member for varying the cross-sectional area of said chamber and havin one end thereof secured to the wall of sai chamber,

means comprising a bell-crank lever connected to the other end of the flexible member for moving said flexible member" to maintain'the Venturi shape of the chamber,

and resilient means opposing said bell-crank lever for normally holding the flexible member in predetermined position. 3. In a charge forming device, a carburizing chamber, a power source, a fuel supply,

and means including oppositely disposed pistons operative in opposite directions for connecting the fuel supply with the said chamber, the said means being adapted to be operated by the said power source. 4. In a carburetor for an internal combustion engine, a fuel chamber within said carburetor, suction operated pistons within said chamber and arranged to operate in opposite directions, a carburizing chamber, and means connecting the said fuel chamber with the said carburizing chamber, the last said means being under the control of the said pistons.

5. In a carburetor for supplyin fuel to a h drocarbon engine, a fuelsuppIy, a fuel ori ce, oppositely disposed pistons asso ciated with said orifice and adapted to close said orifice when in one positionand' to open said orifice when in another position, and suction means associated with said carburetor for operating the said pistons.

6. In a carburetor for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine, a fuel orifuel orifice and adapted to be operated in opposite directions for supplying fuel to the said opening, the said means being respons'ive to the suction of the engine cylinders.

7 In a carburetor for an internal combustion engine, a carburizing chamber, and means for delivering fuel to said chamber, said means includin a combined valve and pum means comprising a fuel orifice and a pair of pistons associated with said orifice and adapted to be operated in opposite direc- I tions.

8. In a carburetor for an internal combustion engine, a carburizing chamber, and means for delivering fuel to said chamber, said means including 'a combined valve and pump means comprising a fuel orifice and a pair of pistons operative in opposite directions adapted to be controlled by suction from the engine cylinders.

9. In a carburetor, an air chamber, a fuel chamber, means for connecting said chambers including a wall having a plurality of passageways therethrough, and means for selectively closing and opening the said passag'eways including a pair of pistons slidably disposed in the said fuel, chamber and adapt 'ed to be automatically controlled.

- of oppositely s idable pistons mounted therem, and means for sliding the latter to. close or open the. said passageway.

11. In a charge forming device for a power source, a carburizing chamber, a fuel supply, means for connecting the fuel supply with said chamber including a cyhnder aving a plurality of passageways through the wall thereof and oppositely disposed pistons therein, yieldingmeans tending to hold 'said pistons in abutting engagement, suction means connectin said cylinder with saidpower source, said pistons and said yielding means being adapted to be responsive to the suction of saidpower source.

12. In a charge forming device for a power source having a suction intake, afuel' chamber, suction operated pistons within said'chamber, and means connecting the latter with said intake including'an air inlet havin a plurality of passageways in the --wall t ereof, flexible means within said inlet adapted to vary the cross-sectional areas thereof in the planes of said passageways, said connecting means being under control of said pistons.

13. In a. charge forming device. for a i power source having a suction intake, a fuel Venturi shape.

chamber, suction operated pistons within said chamber, and means connecting the latter with said intake including an air inlet having a passageway in the wall thereof, flexible means within said inlet adapted to vary the cross-sectionalarea thereof 'in theplane of said passageway, the said flexible means adapted to maintain said air inlet of 14. In a charge forming device for a power source having a'suction intake, a fuel chamber, suction operated pistons within said chamber, and means connecting the latter with said intake including an air inlet of Venturi .shape having a plurality of passageways in the walls thereof adjacent its smallest cross-sectional area, a flexible means within said inlet adapted to vary the cross-sectional areas thereof in the planes of said passageways without destroying the Venturi shape of said inlet.

- 15. In a charge forming device for 'a' power source having a suction intake,-a fuel chamber, suction operated pistons within said chamber, means connecting the latter with said intake including an air inlet of Venturi shape having a plurahty of passageways in the walls thereof adjacent its smallsectional areas thereof in the planes of said passageways without destroying the Venturi shape of said inlet, said connecting means being under control of said pistons.

16. In a carburetor for an internal con1-. bustion engine including a fuel cylinder having a tube therein, positely disposed pistons on said tube, yiel ing means tending to urge the pistons towards abutting engagements, and a -single threaded means for -rendering access to said tube, said pistons and said yielding means.

17. In a charge forming device comprising .a casting having a cylinder therein, a fuel supply,.means for connecting the fuel supply with said cylinder including a fuel chamber, a tube within said cylinder having .an enlarged portion intermediate its ends,

said enlarged portion being provided with bevel faces having orifices connecting said bevel'fages with. the interior of said tube, a valve connectin said fuel chamber with said tube, oppos tely disposed pistons within said cylinder having corresponding bevel .faces for engagement with the bevel faces on said enlarged portion, yielding means tending to urge the said corresponding bevel faces into contact relation, a carburizin chamber, a commonwall between the sai est cross-sectional area, and a flexible means within said inlet adapted to vary the cross cylinder and said carburizing chamber having a pluralityof passageways therethrough' for connecting said cylinder with said caring. said pistons, the said connecting means mg under control of said suction means, and a flexible plate dis sed. in said carburizing chamber adapte to vary the cross- "sectional areasof said carburizing chamber inthe planes'of said passageways.

18. In a charge forming device comprising a casting having a cylinder therein, a fuel. supply, means for conneetin the' fuelsup ply with said cylinder inc uding a fuel chamber, a tube within said cylinder having -an enlarged portion-intermediate its ends,

said enlarged portion being provided with bevel faces andorifices connecting said bevel faces with the interiorof said tube, a. valve connecting said fuel chamber with said tube,.

-trol of said suction means, and a flexible 100 burizing chamber, suction means for operatsaid pasageways, said flexible plate adapted Y plate disposed in said carburizing chamber ada ted to vary the cross-sectional areas of sai carburizing chamber in the planes of to form the carburizingchamber of Venturi shape.

19. In combination with a carburetor having a fuel chamber therein, of a carburizing chamber of Venturishape having a passage in'the plane of the smallest cross-sectional area thereof and connecting with the fuel chamber, and manually operated flexible means disposed in said carburizing chamber adapted to vary the cross-sectional area of the latter'in the plane of said passageway. 20. In a carburetor, a carbumzing chamber,.a fuel supply means including a movable member operable to connect the fuel supply with the chamber means for applying the. suction. of the chamber to the member for establishing a connection between the chamber and the'fuel supply, and said movable member bein arranged to pump fuel to the chamber w en the suction therein is reduced.

- 21. In a carburetor, a carburizing cham: ber, a fuel supply means including a mova- Yble member operable to connect the fuel I applied. to the member.\

supply with the chamber, means for applying the suction of the chamber to the member for establishing a connection between the chamber and the able member being arrange to pump fuel to the chamber when the suction therein is reduced, and manual means for varying the chamber'cross-section to control the suction 22. In a carburetor, a carburizing chamber, a fuel supply'means including a movable member operable to connect the fuel supply with the chamber means for apply- 1 the suction of the chamber to the member for establishin a connection between the chamber and the. member being arranged to pump fuel to the chamber when the suction therein is reduced,

' and a manually controlled flexible plate for varying the area of the chamber to control the. suction applied to the member.

a carburetor having a Venturi 23 sha (1 air 'assage, a curved flez r'ible member wi sai passage shapedto conform to t ag and substantially ainst one wall of the passage, and manually operable means 'asso-,

ciated with the flexib e member for moving it tovary the effective cross sectional area of the passage;

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

. NICHOLAS STRAUSS.

fuel su ply, said move1 supply, said movable 

